Black Earth(159)

An empire on Nazi principles Prison to power: HI, Anders Collection, 209/1/10420, 209/1/2660, 209/1/3571, 209/1/3817/19, 209/1/3517, 209/1/6896 (Dubno County); 209/3/6238 (Horochów); 209/6/5157, 209/6/2376, 209/6/2652, 209/6/4303, 209/6/4284, 209/6/9083 (Kostopol); 209/11/4217, 209/11/3887, 209/11/4049, 209/11/3238, 209/9/6105 (Krzemieniec); 210/14/10544, 210/14/4527, 210/14/2526 (Zdo?bunów); 209/13/2935, 209/13/8034 (Luboml); 210/12/1467, 210/12/9728, 210/12/5945.

The Soviet decapitation See Danylenko and Kokin, Radians’kyi orhany, 233–55, for examples of agents at work. See also Wnuk, “Za pierwszego Sowieta”; Nowak-Jeziorański, “Gestapo i NKVD”; revealing though on a later period: Burds, “Agentura.”

After the obligatory Butchers: Margolin, Reise, 14.

The Soviets behaved RAF: Moorhouse, Devils’ Alliance, 154–55. Song: Kuromiya, Freedom and Terror, 258.

In putting an end to capitalism Revisions: HI, Anders Collection, 310/14/4908. Cygielman: HI, Anders Collection, 210/9/4061. Kovel shops: HI, Anders Collection, 209/7/4775. Arms searches: HI, Anders Collection, 210/12/8117.

The end of the Polish On the rapid change in property regime, see Gross, Revolution, 37; Sauerland, Polen, 72. Szef: HI, Anders Collection, 210/1/5331.

The massive scale of Soviet Gunpoint: HI, Anders Collection, 209.

Most Jews in eastern Poland Volhynia figures from 1937 in “Omówienie wydawnictwa Wo?yńskiego Urz?du Wojewódzkiego p. t. ‘Wo?yń,’?” June 1937, CAW, I.371.2/A.100. Abolition of the z?oty and generally: Bender, Jews of Bia?ystok, 60–62, 70, 83.

In altering the character Cf. M?dykowski, W cieniu, 243.

In other ways Soviet policy For a theoretical reflection on the Polish historiography of double occupation, see Shore, “Conversing with Ghosts,” 5–28.

Even as Soviet power Excellent examples in Wnuk, ‘Za pierwszego Sowieta’; see also Gross, S?siedzi, 35.

In the Ukrainian case See Martin, Affirmative Action Empire; and Snyder, Sketches.

That said, the Ukrainian Ideological confusion: Dowództwo Okr?gu Korpusu II, “Sprawozdanie o ruchu komunistycznym na terenie DOK. Nr. II za czas od dn. 15 VI do 15 × 1933 r.,” 13 November 1933, CAW, I.371.2/A.91; Dowództwo Okregu Korpusu II, “Sprawozdanie o ruchu komunistycznym na terenie DOK. Nr. II za czas od dn. 15 × 1934 do 15 I 1935 r.,” CAW, I.371.2/A.92; “Nastroje w?ród oddzia?ów 13 D.P,” Równe, 14 April 1937; CAW, I.371.1.2/A.103. Szprynger and “Hitler”: Dowództwo Okregu Korpusu II, “Sprawozdanie o ruchu komunistycznym na terenie DOK. Nr. II za czas od dn. 15 VII 1937 do 15 × 1937 r.,” CAW, I.371.2/A.92. This is a subject of Snyder, Sketches.

The Soviet invasion of eastern Destruction of legal parties and UNDO: Danylenko and Kokin, Radians’kyi orhany, 214–18, 251. Every village: Il’iushyn, OUN-UNP, 17.

During the first few months Jewish mayors: Levin, Lesser of Two Evils, 44. On collectivization and changing attitudes: “Meldunek specjalny—Sprawa Ukrainíska,” 25 November 1941, SPP, 3/1/1/1/1. For an example, see Shumuk, Perezhyte i peredumane. Revolution from Abroad is the title of Gross’s classic study.

All in all, Soviet occupation Arrests of Zionists: “Calendar of Pain,” Sefer Lutsk. Begin: Shilon, Menachem Begin, 25, 29; Shindler, Military Zionism, 218. NKVD and Irgun: Hrynevych, Nepryborkane riznoholossia, 296.

Betar was quickly powerless Letter of 27 December 1939, NA, KV/2/2251/7a. See Lankin, To Win, 40; Bell, Terror Out of Zion, 52; Weinbaum, Marriage of Convenience, 140.

Of the three European states Shamir’s hope: Shamir, Summing Up, 54.

The appeals sent by Jewish Stern’s proposal: Yisraeli, “ha-Raikh,” 315.

Stern assumed that Hitler See Bell, Terror Out of Zion, 69.

Every method of changing See Heller, Stern Gang, 19. Jabotinsky was simultaneously urging the British to accept the inevitable wave of Polish-Jewish refugees (without success). See, for example, Jabotinsky to MacDonald, 5 September 1939, NA, CO/733/368/5/9.

These Jewish and Ukrainian See Mallmann and Cüppers, Halbmond und Hakenkreuz.

In 1940, the application A boy called Joseph remembered that his family fled the German zone after laughing Germans had burned down the synagogue. His father had decided to flee east and take refuge with a friend. He did not want to take Soviet passports because he wanted to be able to return home after the war. The family was deported to the Gulag. First Joseph’s brother died, then his parents. Gross and Gross, War Through Children’s Eyes, 221.