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18. Daniel Weinstein et al., “Singing and Social Bonding: Changes in Connectivity and Pain Threshold as a Function of Group Size,” Evolution and Human Behavior 37, no. 2 (2016): 152–58; Gene D. Cohen et al., “The Impact of Professionally Conducted Cultural Programs on the Physical Health, Mental Health, and Social Functioning of Older Adults,” Gerontologist 46, no. 6 (2006): 726–34.

19. Christina Grape et al., “Choir Singing and Fibrinogen: VEGF, Cholecystokinin and Motilin in IBS Patients,” Medical Hypotheses 72, no. 2 (2009): 223–25.

20. R. J. Beck et al., “Choral Singing, Performance Perception, and Immune System Changes in Salivary Immunoglobulin A and Cortisol,” Music Perception 18, no. 1 (2000): 87–106.

21. Daisy Fancourt et al., “Singing Modulates Mood, Stress, Cortisol, Cytokine and Neuropeptide Activity in Cancer Patients and Carers,” Ecancermedicalscience 10 (2016): 1–13.

22. Daniel Weinstein et al., “Singing and Social Bonding: Changes in Connectivity and Pain Threshold as a Function of Group Size,” Evolution and Human Behavior 37, no. 2 (2016): 152–58; Daisy Fancourt et al., “Singing Modulates Mood, Stress, Cortisol, Cytokine and Neuropeptide Activity in Cancer Patients and Carers,” Ecancermedicalscience 10 (2016): 1–13; Stephen Clift and Grenville Hancox, “The Significance of Choral Singing for Sustaining Psychological Wellbeing: Findings from a Survey of Choristers in England, Australia and Germany,” Music Performance Research 3, no. 1 (2010): 79–96; Stephen Clift et al., “What Do Singers Say About the Effects of Choral Singing on Physical Health? Findings from a Survey of Choristers in Australia, England and Germany,” paper presented at the 7th Triennial Conference of the European Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music, Jyv?skyl?, Finland, 2009.

23. Ahmet Munip Sanal and Selahattin Gorsev, “Psychological and Physiological Effects of Singing in a Choir,” Psychology of Music 42, no. 3 (2014): 420–29; Lillian Eyre, “Therapeutic Chorale for Persons with Chronic Mental Illness: A Descriptive Survey of Participant Experiences,” Journal of Music Therapy 48, no. 2 (2011): 149–68; Audun Myskja and P?l G. Nord, “The Day the Music Died: A Pilot Study on Music and Depression in a Nursing Home,” Nordic Journal of Music Therapy 17, no. 1 (2008): 30–40; Betty A. Baily and Jane W. Davidson, “Effects of Group Singing and Performance for Marginalized and Middle-Class Singers,” Psychology of Music 33, no. 3 (2005): 269–303; Nicholas S. Gale et al., “A Pilot Investigation of Quality of Life and Lung Function Following Choral Singing in Cancer Survivors and Their Carers,” Ecancermedicalscience 6, no. 1 (2012): 1–13.

24. Jane E. Southcott, “And as I Go, I Love to Sing: The Happy Wanderers, Music and Positive Aging,” International Journal of Community Music 2, no. 2–3 (2005): 143–56; Laya Silber, “Bars Behind Bars: The Impact of a Women’s Prison Choir on Social Harmony,” Music Education Research 7, no. 2 (2005): 251–71.

25. Nick Alan Joseph Stewart and Adam Jonathan Lonsdale, “It’s Better Together: The Psychological Benefits of Singing in a Choir,” Psychology of Music 44, no. 6 (2016): 1240–54.

26. Bronwyn Tarr et al., “Synchrony and Exertion During Dance Independently Raise Pain Threshold and Encourage Social Bonding,” Biology Letters 11, no. 10 (2015).

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28. Daniel James Brown, The Boys in the Boat: Nine Americans and Their Epic Quest for Gold at the 1936 Berlin Olympics (New York: Penguin Books, 2014), 48.

29. Sally Blount and Gregory A. Janicik, “Getting and Staying In-Pace: The ‘In-Synch’ Preference and Its Implications for Work Groups,” in Harris Sondak, Margaret Ann Neale, and E. Mannix, eds., Toward Phenomenology of Groups and Group Membership, vol. 4 (Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing, 2002), 235–66; see also Reneeta Mogan, Ronald Fischer, and Joseph A. Bulbulia, “To Be in Synchrony or Not? A Meta-Analysis of Synchrony’s Effects on Behavior, Perception, Cognition and Affect,” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 72 (2017): 13–20; Sophie Leroy et al., “Synchrony Preference: Why Some People Go with the Flow and Some Don’t,” Personnel Psychology 68, no. 4 (2015): 759–809.