The Betrayal of Anne Frank: A Cold Case Investigation(102)
12Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 129.
13Evelyn Wolf, audio interview with Victor Kugler, 1972, Anne Frank Stichting (hereafter AFS).
14Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 129.
15Ernst Schnabel, original notes for The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 1957, German Literature Archive Marbach.
16Eda Shapiro and Rick Kardonne, Victor Kugler: The Man Who Hid Anne Frank (Jerusalem: Gefen Publishing House, 2008), 53.
17“I Hid Anne Frank from the Nazis,” interview with Victor Kugler, Pittsburgh Press, August 2, 1958.
18Arend J. van Helden, State Department of Criminal Investigation, Amsterdam, interview with Otto Frank, December 2–3, 1963, NIOD, Doc. 1 Van Maaren.
19Ibid.
20Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 134.
21Interview with Bep Voskuijl, “Wie pleegde het verraad van het achterhuis” [Who Betrayed the Secret Annex], Panorama, December 13,1963.
22Elisabeth (Bep) Voskuijl, audio interview with Oskar Morawetz, October 1978, Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
23Arend J. van Helden, State Department of Criminal Investigation, Amsterdam, interview with Jan Gies, December 23, 1963, NIOD, Doc. 1 Van Maaren.
24Gies, Anne Frank Remembered, 194–95.
25Ibid., 195.
26Ibid., 196–97.
27Ibid., 197.
28Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 138.
29Arend J. van Helden, State Department of Criminal Investigation, Amsterdam, interview with Jan Gies, December 23, 1963, NIOD, Doc. 1 Van Maaren.
30Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 140.
31Arend J. van Helden, State Department of Criminal Investigation, Amsterdam, interview with Otto Frank, December 2–3, 1963, NIOD, Doc. 1 Van Maaren.
32Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 143.
Chapter 13: Camp Westerbork
1Miep Gies with Alison Leslie Gold, Anne Frank Remembered: The Story of the Woman Who Helped to Hide the Frank Family (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 198.
2Ernst Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, translated by Richard and Clara Winston (Harpenden, UK: Southbank Publishing, 2014), 187.
3Jeroen de Bruyn, telephone interview with Diny Voskuijl, September 2, 2012.
4Jeroen de Bruyn and Joop van Wijk, Anne Frank: The Untold Story: The Hidden Truth About Eli Vossen, the Youngest Helper of the Secret Annex (Laag-Soeren, Netherlands: Bep Voskuijl Productions, 2018), 113.
5Ibid., 115–16.
6Janny Brandes-Brilleslijper, cited in Willy Lindwer, The Last Seven Months of Anne Frank: The Stories of Six Women Who Knew Anne Frank, translated by Alison Meersschaert (New York: Pan Macmillan, 2004), 52.
7Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 145.
8Ibid., 151.
9Ibid., 163.
10Ad van Liempt, “Van Riet schetst genuanceerd beeld van Joodse Ordedienst,” Volkskrant, November 19, 2016, https://www.volkskrant.nl/cultuur-media/van-riet-schetst-genuanceerd-beeld-van-joodse-ordedienst~b382e88b/.
11Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 155–56.
12Carol Ann Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank (New York: Harper Perennial, 2003), 138.
Chapter 14: The Return
1Carol Ann Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank (New York: Harper Perennial, 2003), 157.
2Ibid., 164.
3Ernst Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, translated by Richard and Clara Winston (Harpenden, UK: Southbank Publishing, 2014), 163–64.
4Ibid., 161.
5Miep Gies with Alison Leslie Gold, Anne Frank Remembered: The Story of the Woman Who Helped to Hide the Frank Family (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 231.
6Eda Shapiro and Rick Kardonne, Victor Kugler: The Man Who Hid Anne Frank (Jerusalem: Gefen Publishing House, 2008), 77.
7Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank, 177, 179.
8Willy Lindwer, The Last Seven Months of Anne Frank: The Stories of Six Women Who Knew Anne Frank, translated by Alison Meersschaert (New York: Pan Macmillan, 2004), 83–84.
9Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank, 195.
10Jeroen de Bruyn and Joop van Wijk, Anne Frank: The Untold Story: The Hidden Truth About Eli Vossen, the Youngest Helper of the Secret Annex (Laag-Soeren, Netherlands: Bep Voskuijl Productions, 2018), 130. The eyewitness was Rachel van Amerongen-Frankfoorder. This has not been corroborated by other witnesses.
11Otto Frank, letter to his mother, December 12, 1945, in Melissa Müller, Anne Frank: The Biography, translated by Rita and Robert Kimber (New York: Picador USA, 2013), 354.
12Lindwer, The Last Seven Months of Anne Frank, 33.
13Müller, Anne Frank: The Biography, 299.
14Lindwer, The Last Seven Months of Anne Frank, 32.
15Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank, 196.
16Lindwer, The Last Seven Months of Anne Frank, 27.
17Ibid., 28–29.
18Schnabel, The Footsteps of Anne Frank, 182. She is identified as Renate LA.
Chapter 15: The Collaborators
1Bob Moore, Victims and Survivors: The Nazi Persecution of the Jews in the Netherlands 1940–1945 (London: Arnold, 1997), 230.
2Ibid., 229.
3Carol Ann Lee, The Hidden Life of Otto Frank (New York: Harper Perennial, 2003), 173, 212.
4Bart van Es, Cut Out Girl: A Story of War and Family, Lost and Found (London: Fig Tree, 2019), 190.
5Miep Gies with Alison Leslie Gold, Anne Frank Remembered: The Story of the Woman Who Helped to Hide the Frank Family (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 228.